Alongside the rapid development of digital technology, electronic devices with audio- and video-recording functions – such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, and smartwatches – are increasingly becoming common tools in social life. In judicial activity, the use of such devices at court hearings¹ and sessions² gives rise to the need to strike a balance between the […]

The 2023 Law on Real Estate Business does not directly stipulate that a developer of a tourist apartment project is prohibited from borrowing money from customers. However, when a loan is structured closely in connection with the right to purchase a specific real estate product, the boundary between “borrowing capital” and “collecting advance payments from […]

On 01 July 2026, Decree No. 253/2026/ND-CP guiding the implementation of the Law on Personal Income Tax officially came into effect. The Decree contains various notable provisions concerning tax registration, tax declaration, tax withholding, and tax administration applicable to individuals and organizations. Among these, one of the new points directly affecting enterprises and employees is […]

When competent authorities conduct a search of a corporate headquarters or seize documents belonging to an enterprise, it is inevitable that owners and management at all levels will feel panicked and anxious. However, the decisions made during the first 24 hours often significantly impact the investigation process, business operations, as well as the ability to […]

The right of shareholders to sue managers1 of a joint stock company is an important legal mechanism enabling shareholders to protect their own lawful rights and interests, as well as those of the company, where a manager breaches an assigned duty. This article examines the conditions for exercising this right, the persons entitled to bring […]